Análisis de los factores concurrentes y su evolución en los feminicidios de pareja y expareja en España a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas. Estrategias preventivas y propuestas de intervención
Subject:
feminicidio; violencia de género; feminicidio de pareja; suicidio; España. gender femicide; domestic violence; intimate partner homicide; suicide; Spain.
Publication date:
Editorial:
IUSTEL
Citación:
Abstract:
En los últimos años se observa un cambio de tendencia en las modalidades de fraude en operaciones de banca online, caracterizado por el desarrollo de fórmulas cada vez más sustentadas sobre la vulnerabilidad humana, acompañadas a la vez de nuevos mecanismos tecnológicos (spear phishing, vishing o call spoofing). En paralelo se ha producido una importante evolución legislativa, siendo sin embargo lo más destacado la discutible interpretación jurisprudencial sobre la materia y su evolución a la hora de entender concurrentes los elementos objetivos y subjetivos de los distintos tipos penales utilizados para el castigo de los muleros o intermediarios en el fraude (fraude informático, blanqueo doloso o blanqueo imprudente). Este trabajo, a través del análisis crítico de más de 70 sentencias, trata de poner orden en la situación actual, estableciendo nuevos parámetros interpretativos racionales dirigidos a determinar la acreditación del dolo en el autor y, a la vez, el tipo penal que debe ser aplicado en cada caso. This paper shows how for years we have been in a process of progressive, albeit slow, reduction in the number of intimate partner femicides in Spain. It explores and draws conclusions on the causes of this reduction and also on the difficulties for this reduction to reach higher rates, including an analysis of the participation of foreign nationals as perpetrators in the phenomenon. The study reveals a progressive alteration in the profiles of the perpetrators, highlighting in particular the increase in the average age of the new feminicides, with an increasingly lower participation of young men, which suggests a favourable evolution. To complete the study, we analyse the main factors characterising the phenomenon, its evolution over the last two decades and its impact on prevention strategies: in particular, the decision to break off relationships of domination, the low rates of prior reporting and its impact on the lack of protection for the victim and, especially, the limited capacity of the criminal threat as a factor inhibiting feminicidal behaviour, which hardly plays any role in prevention, configuring what we will call the "theory of the unaffordability of the feminicide". This phenomenon is particularly evident in the suicidal behaviour of the perpetrator and his attitude of submission to the responses of the criminal justice system. As a culmination of the analysis developed, some strategic proposals are formulated aimed at trying to improve the degree of efficiency in the face of the phenomenon.
En los últimos años se observa un cambio de tendencia en las modalidades de fraude en operaciones de banca online, caracterizado por el desarrollo de fórmulas cada vez más sustentadas sobre la vulnerabilidad humana, acompañadas a la vez de nuevos mecanismos tecnológicos (spear phishing, vishing o call spoofing). En paralelo se ha producido una importante evolución legislativa, siendo sin embargo lo más destacado la discutible interpretación jurisprudencial sobre la materia y su evolución a la hora de entender concurrentes los elementos objetivos y subjetivos de los distintos tipos penales utilizados para el castigo de los muleros o intermediarios en el fraude (fraude informático, blanqueo doloso o blanqueo imprudente). Este trabajo, a través del análisis crítico de más de 70 sentencias, trata de poner orden en la situación actual, estableciendo nuevos parámetros interpretativos racionales dirigidos a determinar la acreditación del dolo en el autor y, a la vez, el tipo penal que debe ser aplicado en cada caso. This paper shows how for years we have been in a process of progressive, albeit slow, reduction in the number of intimate partner femicides in Spain. It explores and draws conclusions on the causes of this reduction and also on the difficulties for this reduction to reach higher rates, including an analysis of the participation of foreign nationals as perpetrators in the phenomenon. The study reveals a progressive alteration in the profiles of the perpetrators, highlighting in particular the increase in the average age of the new feminicides, with an increasingly lower participation of young men, which suggests a favourable evolution. To complete the study, we analyse the main factors characterising the phenomenon, its evolution over the last two decades and its impact on prevention strategies: in particular, the decision to break off relationships of domination, the low rates of prior reporting and its impact on the lack of protection for the victim and, especially, the limited capacity of the criminal threat as a factor inhibiting feminicidal behaviour, which hardly plays any role in prevention, configuring what we will call the "theory of the unaffordability of the feminicide". This phenomenon is particularly evident in the suicidal behaviour of the perpetrator and his attitude of submission to the responses of the criminal justice system. As a culmination of the analysis developed, some strategic proposals are formulated aimed at trying to improve the degree of efficiency in the face of the phenomenon.
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