Qualitative Phenomenographical Study of the Experience of Parents with Children in Clown Care Services

Abstract

Background: Clowning is a form of humour that started in the 17th century but merely recognized in modern medicine until the last decade. It is an art form that invites play, interaction, and above all laughter. Clown Care is a program in hospitals and medical centers involving visits from specially trained hospital clowns. Aim: To describe perceptions, experiences, benefits, barriers and impact of clown care program on parents and children. Methodology: A phenomenographical study using a semi-structured in-depth interview of twelve parents in a University Children’s hospital in Finland. Results: Clown care is perceived as an art & science, a mix of humour and health, a psychosocial support to family & child, which deems professional competence and expertise. Clown care creates positive emotional state, promotes interaction between parents & child, and foster affirmative environmental condition. It has a significant influence on parent’s memories and feelings; and the overall hospitalization experience of the child. Furthermore, clown care can be associated with positive and negative experiences. Barriers include psychological & emotional state, severity of medical condition, developmental level, and timing & context.