Efectividad del entrenamiento de reanimación cardiopulmonar basado en realidad extendida para estudiantes de salud: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Emergency medical services play a crucial role in providing initial lifesaving care and transport of victims to definitive care facilities. Among these interventions, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is critical in saving lives during emergencies. Despite its importance, traditional CPR training methods often fail to replicate real-life scenarios, leading to gaps in preparedness among healthcare students. Recent advances in Extended Reality (XR) technologies, including Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Mixed Reality offer promising new methods to enhance CPR training among healthcare students. Aim: This systematic review aimed to identify the effects of using extended reality in training healthcare students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: This study follows PRISMA guidelines for systematic review. Databases searched include PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on XR-based CPR training. Two reviewers independently extracted data, with discrepancies resolved by a third. The Cochrane ROB 2 tool and ROBINS-I were used to assess the risk of bias. A narrative synthesis was used to present results, however, meta-analysis was no longer conducted due to the heterogeneity of the findings.